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110s

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  Roman Empire in AD 117, at its greatest extent

The 110s was a decade that ran from January 1, AD 110, to December 31, AD 119.

In 114, the Roman Empire, ruled by Trajan, invaded Armenia; annexed it as a Roman province and killed Parthamasiris, who had been placed on the Armenian throne by his relative, the Parthia King Osroes I. In 115, the Roman Army overran northern Mesopotamia, commencing Trajan's Parthian campaign. The war was initially successful for the Romans, who, as a result, attained their greatest territorial extent. However, a series of setbacks, including wide-scale Jewish uprisings in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa and Trajan's death in 117, led to a Roman withdrawal. Trajan was succeeded by Hadrian, who withdrew from Mesopotamia and suppressed the last remnants of the Jewish revolt. Near the end of the decade, a rebellion in Roman Britain was suppressed. In 118, the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty suppressed a revolt by Qiang tribes which had erupted the prior decade.

An earthquake occurred in Antioch in 115, killing an estimated 260,000 people. The cities of Antioch, Daphne and Apamea were almost completely destroyed. Trees were uprooted and felled; people were thrown down to the ground. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the surface wave magnitude scale and an estimated maximum intensity of XI (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Antioch and surrounding areas were devastated with a great loss of life and property. It triggered a local tsunami that badly damaged the harbour at Caesarea Maritima. The Roman Emperor Trajan was caught in the earthquake, as was his successor Hadrian. Although the consul Marcus Pedo Vergilianus was killed, they escaped with only slight injuries and later began a program to rebuild the city.[1][2]

In architecture, the decade saw the construction of Trajan's Forum (the last of the Imperial fora to be constructed in ancient Rome), Trajan's Column (which commemorates the Roman victory in the Dacian Wars), the Arch of Trajan, and the Roman Pantheon. Around this time, Juvenal wrote Satires, a collection of satirical poems.

Events

110

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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Art and Science
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111

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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112


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Roman Empire
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Asia
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113

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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114

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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  • First year of Yuanchu era of the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty.

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Religion
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115

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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Religion
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116

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Roman Empire
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117

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Roman Empire
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  • Trajan falls seriously ill, leaving Hadrian in command of the east. On his death bed, Trajan allegedly adopts Hadrian and designates him as his successor.
  • August 9 - 11 – Emperor Trajan dies of a stroke at Selinus in Cilicia, age 63, while en route from Mesopotamia to Italy, leaving the Roman Empire at its maximal territorial extent.
  • Hadrian, who will reign until 138, succeeds him.
    • Hadrian, a Spaniard like Trajan, as Emperor inaugurates a policy of retrenchment and cultural integration, giving up the policy of conquest of his predecessor in order to consolidate the empire.
  • The Jewish Diaspora Revolt is quelled, likely by autumn 117, though unrest may have persisted in Egypt until early 118. Its suppression results in the near-complete expulsion of Jews from Cyrenaica, Cyprus, and several regions of Egypt.
  • Hadrian returns large parts of Mesopotamia to the Parthians, as part of a peace settlement.
  • Construction begins on the Pantheon in Rome.
  • The Roman Empire reaches its greatest extent.

By topic

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Commerce
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  • The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 87 percent under emperor Hadrian, down from 93 percent in the reign of Trajan.
Religion
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118

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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  • The north-south feud between the Hun Dynasty ends.
  • The oldest known painted depiction of a wheelbarrow is found in a Chinese tomb of Chengde, Sichuan province, dated to this year.

119

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Roman Empire
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Asia
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Significant people

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Births

110

111

113

115

116

117

119

Deaths

110

112

113

115

116

117

118

119

References

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  1. ^ Fant, C.E.; Reddish, M.G. (2003). "Antioch on the Orontes". A guide to biblical sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-19-513917-4.
  2. ^ Cassius Dio, Roman History 68,24–25
  3. ^ Johnson, Lawrence J. (2009). Worship in the Early Church: An Anthology of Historical Sources. Liturgical Press. p. 83. ISBN 9780814661970.
  4. ^ Hazel, J. (2002). Who's who in the Roman World. Routledge who's who series. Routledge. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-415-29162-0. Retrieved 28 August 2018. Seniority brought him the governorship of the province of Asia as proconsul in 112-13.
  5. ^ a b "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  6. ^ Kleiner, Fred S. (2010). A History of Roman Art, Enhanced Edition. Cengage Learning. p. 166. ISBN 9780495909873.
  7. ^ Waldman, Carl; Mason, Catherine (2006). Encyclopedia of European Peoples. Infobase Publishing. p. 95. ISBN 9781438129181.
  8. ^ Thompson, Bruce D. (2018). Echoes of Contempt: A History of Judeophobia and the Christian Church. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 25. ISBN 9781532655111.
  9. ^ "Antinous". www.rct.uk. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  10. ^ Crespigny, Rafe de (2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD). BRILL. p. 454. ISBN 9789047411840.
  11. ^ Wee, John Z. (2017). The Comparable Body – Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine. Brill. p. 247. ISBN 9789004356771.
  12. ^ Lawson, Russell M.; Services, Abc-Clio Information (2004). Science in the Ancient World: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 193. ISBN 9781851095346.
  13. ^ LeGlay, Marcel; Voisin, Jean-Louis; Le Bohec, Yann (2001). A History of Rome (2nd ed.). Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. p. 278. ISBN 0-631-21858-0.
  14. ^ "Plutarch | Biography, Works, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 January 2020.