Aryabhata (satellite)
 Aryabhata, India's first indigenously built satellite. | |
| Mission type | Astrophysics |
|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO |
| COSPAR ID | 1975-033A |
| SATCAT no. | 07753 |
UTC[1]
| launch_rocket = Kosmos-3M[2] | launch_site = Kapustin Yar 107/2 | launch_contractor = Yuzhnoye
| last_contact = March 1981[3] | decay_date = 10 February 1992[3]
| orbit_epoch = 19 May 1975[4] Namaste
Launch
[edit]It was launched by India on 19 April 1975[5] from Kapustin Yar, a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).[6] The launch came from an agreement between India and the Soviet Union directed by UR Rao and signed in 1972. It allowed the USSR to use Indian ports for tracking ships and launching vessels in return for launching various different Indian satellites.[7]
On 19 April 1975, the satellite's 96.46-minute orbit had an apogee of 619 kilometres (385 mi) and a perigee of 563 kilometres (350 mi), at an inclination of 50.7 degrees.[4][3] It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, aeronomics, and solar physics. The spacecraft was a 26-sided polyhedron 1.4 metres (4.6 ft) in diameter. All faces (except the top and bottom) were covered with solar cells.[2] A power failure halted experiments after four days and 60 orbits, with all signals from the spacecraft lost after five days of operation.[8] Spacecraft mainframe remained active till March 1981.[3] the satellite entered Earth's atmosphere on 10 February 1992 due to orbital decay.[3]
Legacy
[edit]- It was named after the 5th century astronomer and mathematician from India by Aryabhata.[7]
- The satellite's image appeared on the reverse of Indian two rupee banknotes between 1976 and 1997 (Pick catalog).[2]
-
1984 USSR stamp featuring Bhaskara-I, Bhaskara-II and Aryabhata satellites -
Illustration of Aryabhata spacecraft on ₹2 currency bill
_Aryabhata.jpg)
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Jonathan McDowell. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
- ^ a b c "Aryabhata". usrc.gov.in. Retrieved 31 August 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "Aryabhata". www.isro.org. ISRO. Retrieved 31 August 2019.
- ^ a b Jonathan McDowell. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
- ^ "Aryabhata". The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (15th ed.). Chicago, USA: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 1992. p. 611.
- ^ Arun Dev (12 April 2021). "Four sheds in Bengaluru and one big dream: How India's 1st satellite took form". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
- ^ a b Brian Harvey (2000). The Japanese and Indian Space Programmes: Two Roads into Space. London, UK: Springer. pp. 133–134. ISBN 978-1-852-33199-3.
- ^ Martand Jha (17 April 2020). "Aryabhata: Remembering India's first satellite". The Interpreter. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
External links
[edit]
- Aryabhata-1 Official ISRO Website Archived 15 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine
- NASA HEASARC Page.
- Astronautix Page
- India in Space Page
- NSSDC Master Catalog Search
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